About Aglaonema commutatum
### Safety Information for Pets **Aglaonema commutatum**, commonly known as the Philippine evergreen or Chinese evergreen, is toxic to pets, including cats and dogs. The plant contains insoluble calcium oxalate crystals, which can cause oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of the mouth, tongue, and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, and difficulty swallowing if ingested. Pet owners should ensure that this plant is kept out of reach of their pets. ### General Description **Scientific Name**: Aglaonema commutatum **Common Names**: Philippine evergreen, Chinese evergreen, silver queen aglaonema, café-de-salão, Philippine Evergreen, silverkalla, aglaonema **Family**: Araceae **Plant Type**: Herb (evergreen perennial) ### Physical Characteristics - **Leaves**: The leaves of Aglaonema commutatum are one of its most striking features. They are typically lanceolate (spear-shaped) and can grow up to 30 cm (12 inches) long. The foliage is often variegated with patterns of silver, cream, and green, which contribute to its popularity as an ornamental plant. - **Stems**: The stems are erect and sometimes branching, giving the plant a bushy appearance. Over time, the plant may develop a more tree-like structure as the older leaves fall off and new growth emerges. - **Flowers**: The flowers of the Aglaonema commutatum are not particularly showy. They appear as small, white or greenish spathes (a type of inflorescence common to the Araceae family) and are often hidden among the foliage. Blooming is rare, especially in indoor conditions. - **Fruit**: If the flowers are pollinated, they may produce small, red berries. However, fruiting is uncommon in indoor specimens. ### Growth Conditions - **Light**: Aglaonema commutatum prefers bright, indirect light but can tolerate low light conditions, making it a versatile choice for indoor environments. Avoid direct sunlight, which can scorch the leaves. - **Water**: This plant prefers moderate watering. The soil should be kept consistently moist but not waterlogged. Allow the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings to prevent root rot. - **Temperature**: The ideal temperature range for Aglaonema commutatum is between 18-24°C (65-75°F). It is sensitive to cold and should be kept away from drafts and sudden temperature changes. - **Humidity**: High humidity levels are beneficial for this plant, but it can tolerate average household humidity. Misting the leaves or placing the pot on a pebble tray with water can help increase humidity. - **Soil**: A well-draining potting mix with a peat base is ideal. Adding perlite or sand can improve drainage. ### Care Tips - **Fertilization**: Feed the plant with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer). Reduce feeding during the fall and winter months. - **Pruning**: Regularly remove yellow or dead leaves to maintain the plant's appearance and health. Pruning can also encourage bushier growth. - **Repotting**: Repot the plant every 2-3 years or when it outgrows its current pot. Choose a pot that is one size larger and ensure it has good drainage. ### Uses **Aglaonema commutatum** is primarily grown as an ornamental houseplant due to its attractive foliage and ease of care. It is often used in interior landscaping and can be found in homes, offices, and public spaces. ### Potential Issues - **Pests**: Common pests include spider mites, mealybugs, and aphids. Regularly inspect the plant and treat infestations promptly with insecticidal soap or neem oil. - **Diseases**: Overwatering can lead to root rot. Ensure proper drainage and avoid waterlogged conditions. Fungal leaf spot can occur, particularly in high humidity. Remove affected leaves and improve air circulation. ### Propagation **Aglaonema commutatum** can be propagated through: - **Division**: During repotting, divide the root ball into smaller sections, ensuring each section has several stems and roots. - **Stem Cuttings**: Cut a healthy stem with at least one node and root it in water or soil. By following these guidelines, you can successfully grow and care for Aglaonema commutatum, enjoying its lush and decorative foliage while ensuring the safety of your pets.
